Inequality and social security reforms

Social Security reforms in Japan.

With these laws, the Japanese government raised patient copayments for health care, initiated a preventive health program to monitor the physical well-being of persons over age 40, and introduced resource pooling among all health programs to cover expenditures for the elderly. It also realigned public pension programs to inaugurate a two-tiered system for the nation’s working population, and ma...

Social Security Reforms in Southeast Asia By

Recent Social Security Reforms in France

Like covered payrolls and total benefit payments, the costs of workmen’s compensation were about 10 percent higher in 1969 than in 1968. As a result, employers continued to spend for the third consecutive year the same proportion of their payrolls to insure or self-insure their risks under workmen‘s compensation program-about $1.07 per $100 of payroll in covered employment. In earlier years, th...

18 Reforms and challenges of the social security system

The Chinese social security system is undergoing a series of reforms. These reforms are often the government's short-term responses to imminent financial and social pressure. The long-term impacts, especially those on economic efficiency, are often ignored. The background of the Chinese social security system reform is unique. Like many other countries (mainly more advanced economies), China is...

Social Security in Latin America: Recent Reforms and Challenges